Environmental Law

Introduction

Environmental Law is a branch of law that deals with the protection, conservation, and improvement of the environment. It regulates human activities that impact natural resources such as air, water, land, forests, and wildlife. The primary aim of environmental law is to prevent environmental degradation and promote sustainable development by balancing economic growth with ecological preservation. In India, environmental law has evolved through constitutional provisions, judicial interpretations, and statutory enactments like the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, reflecting the growing concern for environmental protection and public health.

Objectives of Environmental Law

1. Protection of the Environment: To safeguard air, water, soil, forests, and wildlife from pollution and degradation.
2. Sustainable Development: To ensure development meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
3. Prevention and Control of Pollution: To regulate and reduce pollution through standards, permits, and penalties.
4. Conservation of Natural Resources: To promote the efficient and equitable use of natural resources.
5. Public Health and Welfare: To protect human life and health from environmental hazards.
6. Environmental Justice: To ensure fair treatment and participation of all people in environmental decision-making.
7. Compliance and Enforcement: To establish legal mechanisms for enforcement, accountability, and remedies for environmental harm.