Basis

Relevancy

Admissibility

(1)Meaning-

It refers to the logical connection between a piece of evidence and an issue, or a fact that is relevant to issue.

It determines whether evidence tends to prove or disproved something that matters in case.

It refers to the legal acceptance of evidence in court.

Even if evidence is relevant, it must also satisfy the legal rule that governs whether it can be presented to the Judge.

(2)Nature-

Logical and factual concepts.

Legal and procedural.

(3)Governed by-

Governed by the law of logic. (Sec 3 - sec 50 of BSA 2023).

Governed by the law of evidence. (specific legal provision that decide what can or cannot admit)

(4)Scope-

Broad - All evidence that relates logically to the matter in question.

Narrow - Only that portion of relevant evidence which the law allows to be seen in court.

(5)Relationship between two-

All relevant evidence is not admissible.

All admissible evidence must be relevant.

(6)Example-

In a murder case, the accused's prior threat to the victim is relevant because it shows motive.

A confession made to police is not admissible.

(7)Decision Authority-

The judge decides whether the evidence legally connects with facts in issue or not.

The judge checks whether the evidence complies with the evidentiary rules or not.

(9)Objective-

To ensure that only legally connected facts are only considered.

To ensure that only legally reliable and fair evidence is accepted.

(9)Basis of Exclusion-

Evidence is excluded, as if it has no logical connection with case.

Evidence may be excluded even if relevant due to illegality, prejudice or procedural defects.